Published On: October 31, 2022
Electrical and computer science engineering (ECE) is an engineering discipline that covers various topics related to computation, languages in programming, programme design, computer software and hardware and many fields of electrical and electronics engineering. The course offers many topics to study but stresses the basics of computer science and electrical and electronic engineering. It is a popular 4-year undergraduate course pursued by students after completing class 12th.

Electrical and computer science engineering students are involved in research, creating new ideas, and developing new technologies, products, or services. They are also involved in several aspects of computing, from the design of microprocessors to personal computers and supercomputers and circuit designing. This course is offered at both undergraduate(UG) and postgraduate(PG) levels.

Why Is Engineering in ECE Beneficial?

The usage of computer science and electrical engineering is high in both public and private organizations. Moreover, the job market for candidates in computer engineering is getting bigger every year, so students have more chances of finding relevant jobs. They also can get jobs via campus placements.

Computer science and electrical engineers are the highest-paid professionals because of the important nature of their jobs. In fact, there is a dearth of trained professionals in fields like computer science and electrical engineering, leading to a continuous increment in the number of job openings in this field. According to various reports, the starting salary of an ECE professional is around INR 7-8 LPA in India.

Pursuing engineering in ECE helps students develop quantitative and analytical skills, so their requirement is high in sectors like education, health, banking, trading, science and more. The need for ECE experts is present on an international scale too. Additionally, the field also offers many remote working opportunities. So we can say that electrical and computer science engineering is one of the best courses to pursue, with high potential and a great opportunity for candidates to learn, earn and grow.

What Do Electrical and Computer Science Engineering Experts Do?

An electrical and computer science engineer combines electrical engineering and computer science to form new technology. These professionals also design, build and keep track of the hardware in modern computers. Their work is to safely and properly integrate computer hardware and software into a unified system.

Additionally, computer and electrical engineers also create robotics, networks and other computer-based systems, which require extensive research and development, a lot of testing and assurance of quality. Thus, electrical and computer science engineering is a field that requires a strong foundation in science and mathematics.

Electrical and Computer Science Engineering Syllabus

Some electrical and computer science engineering courses include computer architecture and organization, software testing, cloud computing, database management system, compiler design, computer network, data structure and operating systems.

Students who want to pursue engineering in ECE must choose from several specializations, like telecommunication, web designing, computer software and hardware maintenance, etc. After completing the electrical and computer science engineering course, one can become a software developer, hardware engineer, system designer, system analyst, database administrator etc.

Eligibility Criteria for Engineering in ECE

The students who have cleared their class 12th board examinations from a recognized educational board with Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics as primary subjects and scored 60% and above can try for this course.

To pursue engineering in ECE, a student should have the right skill set to excel. Some skills needed are analytical, problem-solving, critical thinking, creativity, basic knowledge of web design/development, data structure and algorithms, programming, and the ability to learn fast.

Career Opportunities After Engineering in ECE

Electrical and computer science engineering is a field that combines two prominent fields: Computer Engineering and Electrical/Electronics Engineering. Therefore, it opens the door to a wide range of lucrative career opportunities for students. Some of the most popular profiles students can take include:

• System Database Administrator — A system database administrator takes care of the database’s security, performance and integrity. Their responsibility also includes planning and troubleshooting.
• Computer Programmer — A computer programmer makes the code for software applications and other systems of operations. The created code assists in the running of computer applications on a computer.
• Engineering Support Expert — An engineering support expert gives technical support and assistance to both businesses and consumers regarding technical issues and hardware and software systems.
• Data Warehouse Analyst — A data warehouse analyst collects, analyses and assists businesses in leveraging the data stored in data warehouses.
• System Designer — A system designer defines a system’s interface structure, architectural design and data.
• Software Developer — A software developer makes applications that help people do specific jobs on a computer.
• Software Engineer — A software engineer develops, designs, maintains and tests computer software.
• Professor — A computer science professor teaches a particular subject.
• Computer Operator — A computer operator maintains a logbook, checks on viruses, does software upgradation and performs basic computer tasks.
• Research Analyst — A research analyst does surveys, documents data, collects important information and performs steady research. Some renowned companies that hire electrical and computer science engineering experts are Facebook, Tata, Deloitte, Cisco, Wipro, Oracle, Cognizant, Microsoft, Infosys, Yahoo, IBM, Accenture, etc.

École Centrale School of Engineering at Mahindra University Offers a Multidisciplinary Electrical and Computer Science Engineering Course

École Centrale School of Engineering at Mahindra University provides unique aspects of learning for students pursuing engineering in ECE. It ensures that the students stay abreast with the latest developments in the industry and keep learning new skills fast without losing pace. The electrical and computer science engineering course at Mahindra University aims to create next-gen engineers capable of solving real-world problems.

Moreover, the ECE course covers basic and advanced levels of prescribed subjects. The educational objectives of these subjects are to help the candidate identify and solve problems opening new gateways of knowledge. The candidates will evolve by having creative ideas and putting them into reality by building products to simplify and improve the quality of life. They will be trained to be skilled entrepreneurs and upgrade their multifarious skills consistently.

Mahindra University ECE Fees Structure

There are many Intensive, Fundamental, and Crossover subjects covering both software and hardware aspects incorporated into the electrical and computer science engineering course at École Centrale School of Engineering. The Mahindra university ECE fees structure includes tuition fees of around INR 18 Lakhs, excluding the hostel fees.

To seek admission to the programme, one can apply online on the university site by filling in the application form. Then they need to upload the latest scanned photograph. Next, one must pay a registration and processing fee as applicable. After the online registration, one must pay an application fee in cash at any bank. And lastly, one needs to upload the acknowledgement receipt from the bank on the application portal.

For more information about the course, you can visit the official course page:

https://www.mahindrauniversity.edu.in/electronics-computer-engineering.

Published On: October 28, 2022
After completing their 10+2, students are often confused about choosing a higher qualification degree. However, making the correct decision by choosing the right course or career is essential for students as they do not get to take the decision twice. Therefore, the decision regarding the right course, career option, specialisation, and which college to choose are some of the main concerns of every student after class 12th.

Legal education is essential and cannot be overlooked in a democratic country like India. Knowing and understanding the law is necessary for every individual across the country. Thus, we can say that legal education plays a vital role in producing highly skilled and efficient legal professionals (lawyers, advocates, judges, etc.) and creating law-persisting citizens with fundamental rights and human values.

Mahindra University BA LLB Hons – The Most Popular Law Course at Undergraduate Level

We can see and observe the ever-increasing scope of law with the help of various reports available everywhere on the internet. According to a report from Research and Markets, the Global Legal Services Market is expected to reach $998.73 billion by 2026. Another report from BLS states that employment in legal occupations will grow 9 per cent from 2020 to 2030, resulting in about 2 Lakhs new jobs. In the forthcoming years, the legal markets shall grow more immensely than ever imagined.

In today’s modern and competitive world, the leading companies or business organisations need to cling to or hold on to strict laws, rules or regulations to encourage healthy competition in the local and global markets. As a result, they have a massive demand for legal graduates with excellent knowledge in this domain. Hence, the need for legal graduates capable of managing and handling legal matters or solving emerging legal issues and challenges is in high demand.

For this reason, legal courses are one of the most pursued courses in India among brilliant and young minds. Several well-known colleges and universities in India offer a wide range of legal courses to law aspirants at different academic levels. However, one of the most popular and rewarding legal courses at the bachelor’s level is the BA LLB course.

BA LLB is an integrated dual-degree program and the only course to help you fulfil your dream of becoming a skilled and expert legal professional. BA LLB (Hons.) or Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Legislative Law Honours is an integrated full-time program of five years. The program provides a multidisciplinary approach to accommodate students to the bare necessities or requirements of the legal fields such as the judiciary, public and private international law, litigation, immigration, policy engagement, etc.

School of Law at Mahindra University – One of the Top BA LLB Colleges in Hyderabad

Hyderabad is one of the most famous and highly opted places for pursuing a legal course. At the same time, several top BA LLB colleges in Hyderabad offer a BA LLB dual degree program to a massive mass of law candidates. However, only the best law institute will help students become what they dream of in today’s progressive and newfangled world. One of the top BA LLB colleges in Hyderabad is the School of Law at Mahindra University.

The School of Law at Mahindra University offers law aspirants an integrated five-year BA LLB (Hons.) program. Pursuing Mahindra University BA LLB Hons is highly advantageous for law-pursuing candidates, as the course follows a multidisciplinary approach while emphasising sociological aspects of the law. Below are some benefits you will get by pursuing the Mahindra University BA LLB Hons course.

Unique Perks of Mahindra University BA LLB Hons Course

The School of Law at Mahindra University offers BA LLB students a well-designed course curriculum backed by modern-age learning methods. Students experience practical exposure and a theoretical understanding of legal subjects through a highly diverse curriculum.

Mahindra University BA LLB Hons course aims to train its students in every aspect of their careers. The legacy of the Mahindra group makes the University even more pre-eminent for students to study the BA LLB course. The Law Department at Mahindra University, popularly known as the School of Law, is considered one of the top BA LLB colleges in Hyderabad by students due to many reasons, like:

• Industry-focused academics;
• Highly-qualified faculty from NLUs and renowned international law schools
• Persistently evolving and diverse course curriculum with a global edge
• Interdisciplinary classroom to the courtroom learning
• Experiential learning through internships, legal aid clinics, and moot courts
• World-class research facilities
• A well-stocked library
• Exception opportunity to hone experience through a robust mentor-mentee programme
• Internships and placements support
• Field trips to NGOs, jails, charitable institutions
• Scholarly research, writing, and publication opportunities
• A strong foundation for combined higher studies;
• Students-centric campus environment;

Now, let us move to the rewarding career opportunities you will have after the Mahindra University BA LLB Hons course.

The Most Lucrative Career Options After BA LLB Course at Mahindra University

Mahindra University BA LLB Hons course is one of the highly sought-after programmes with a broad scope of endless future opportunities. Students will be exposed to multitudes of promising career options after BA LLB, like:

• Legal Advisor
• Public Prosecutor
• Judge
• Lawyer
• Advocate
• Company Secretary

Step into the Exciting World of Law

BA LLB is a vast and sought-after course with the extreme potential of endless lucrative career opportunities. Therefore, choosing the right institute gives you an edge over the crowd of people having similar degrees. Mahindra University is one such University which has earned an outstanding reputation over the past years, especially in terms of its unique academics and placement records. So enrol in the Mahindra University BA LLB Hons course and embark on your journey of becoming a legal professional!

Published On: October 28, 2022
Have you ever wondered who built these unique and impressive structures we see in our surroundings? Who is responsible for making the roads, bridges, canals, apartments, dams, buildings, etc.? Well, you guessed right, these great minds are civil engineers!

Civil engineers are responsible for everything you see in your surroundings. Commonly and widely known as the oldest engineering discipline, civil engineering is assuredly one of the most reputed branches of engineering, not just in India but overseas. Why? Because civil engineers are exceptionally skilled professionals with a high level of knowledge in the design and construction of materialistic structures.

For students who aspire to be civil engineers, B.Tech in Civil Engineering is one of the most popular engineering courses at the undergraduate level. Let’s know about the course in detail.

B.Tech in Civil Engineering – Construct a Career Filled with Countless Perks

B.Tech in Civil Engineering or Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering is one of the most traditional courses in India. Being a full-time course of four years, the course curriculum of B.Tech in Civil Engineering is vast and thus divided into eight semesters, including practical and theoretical knowledge. The course aims to provide a brief understanding of different areas of civil engineering, including planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other structures, like roads and bridges.

The course exposes its students to many evergreen career options after civil engineering. Hence, the undergraduate degree in Civil Engineering provides excellent scope for career advancement or pursuing higher education degrees per students’ interests and preferences. Some most popular career options after civil engineering are listed below:

• Construction Manager
• Architectural Engineer
• CAD Technician
• Geotechnical Engineer
• Urban Planning Engineer
• Chief Technical Officers
• Contracting Civil Engineer
• Project Sites Inspectors
• Consulting Civil Engineer
• Structural Engineers

Modern society can’t function without well-skilled civil engineers, so choosing the right college or university is imperative for students.

Mahindra University – Training Civil Engineers of Excellence by Instilling Scientific Mindset and Responsive Leadership

Several engineering colleges and universities in India offer a B.Tech in Civil Engineering course, but choosing the right one ensures the credibility of your degree. Mahindra University is one of India’s leading universities for students who wish to pursue an engineering degree.

The École Centrale School of Engineering at Mahindra University offers a next-generation B.Tech in Civil Engineering course. A few factors that make Mahindra University stand out from the crowd of institutions offering the same programme include:

• The University aims to offer unique and world-class education to students through a partnership with several international universities, including Cornell University, SC Johnson College of Business, Virginia Tech, CentraleSupelec, University of Florida, and many more.
• The University offers a unique and well-designed syllabus for B.Tech in Civil Engineering to allow students to accomplish ample exposure towards interdisciplinary knowledge and give them a chance to learn under the esteemed cosmopolitan leaders of the industry.
• The University has a congregation of several faculty and staff members with expertise in heterogeneous departments or fields from the national and international ambit.
• Mahindra University has had an outstanding placement record over the years. Over 90% of students every year get placed in top MNCs like Amazon, Capgemini, L&T, Jocata, Toshiba, Hitachi, and many more. The University’s placement cell works round the year to pass on the most rewarding opportunities for its aspirants.
• The University also exposes its students to world-class infrastructure with all the essential facilities around the campus. For example, lecture theatres, seminar halls, and high-tech laboratories like:
  • Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory
  • Concrete and Advanced Concrete Technology Laboratory
  • Structural Health Monitoring Laboratory
  • Surveying Laboratory
  • Transportation Engineering Laboratory

Besides that, Mahindra University Civil Engineering fees are affordable compared to other renowned universities.

Drench Yourself in the Fascinating World of Civil Engineering

Mahindra University is one of the most credible names that has earned excellent recognition and reputation over the past few years. Moreover, Civil Engineering is a broad field with endless lucrative career opportunities for students. Therefore, pursuing a B.Tech in Civil Engineering from Mahindra University will be very beneficial for engineering aspirants. So enrol in the course now and embark on a rewarding career.

Published On: October 28, 2022
After completing their postgraduate degree, students are often in a dilemma regarding which PhD programme they should go for. From a PhD program in Business Administration to PhD in Economics, there is a plethora of programmes to choose from. Another thing on every postgraduate degree holder’s mind is choosing the right institute for a better PhD experience and outcome. If you also have these concerns, you have landed on the right page.

The Ever Growing Demand for Management Professionals

We can clearly observe drastic changes in how business organisations function today. Consequently, the demand for management professionals is continuously rising, leading to the emergence of a wide range of courses for students interested in building their careers in this field. In other words, management courses are in huge demand due to the rapid changes and growth in the business landscape in India and around the globe. According to a report,Overall employment in management occupations is projected to grow 8% from 2021 to 2031, faster than the average for all occupations; this increase is expected to result in about 883,900 new jobs over the decade.

Leading educational institutions offer business administration courses at different academic qualification levels, including UG, PG, and Doctorate. One of the most pursued courses at the doctorate level is a PhD program in Management or a PhD program in Business Administration.

PhD Program in Management and Business Administration Syllabus

Pursuing a PhD program in Management is one of the most sought-after choices among postgraduate students. It is a full-time doctorate course of 3-5 years that prepares students to conduct and publish scholarly research in areas like entrepreneurship, organisational behaviour, strategy, and human resource management. In addition, students learn how to apply social science disciplines and various research methods to management problems. The course curriculum of a PhD program in Business Administration includes various core and elective subjects like:

• Strategic Management
• Managerial Leadership
• Financial Management
• Product Management
• Business Engineering
• International Finance

Other subjects include strategic information systems, advanced accounting theory, accounting seminars, advanced accounting theory, global marketing seminars, seminars in banking, theory of finance, etc.

Deciding the Best College for PhD Program in Business Administration and Management

Every student has certain concerns when choosing the best institute for a PhD program in Management, including its academics, placement records, safe environment, infrastructure, fees, hostel, food and accommodation facilities, etc. Below are a few things to keep in mind to ensure you choose the right college or university:

• Make a list of courses, disciplines, or specialisations you wish to choose;
• Understand and define your financial well-being;
• Do your proper research and know about your college/university;
• Reach out to the university’s alumni and present students;
• Know your preferences before taking any decision;
• Determine the place of study;

Among all cities in India, Hyderabad is considered the most suitable place for higher education and research as it is the hub of top business schools and universities. Mahindra University is one of the top universities in Hyderabad offering a Ph.D in Management.

Mahindra University – A University Known for Research Excellence

PhD program in Management offered by the School of Management at Mahindra University places primary emphasis on interdisciplinary research. It is carefully designed to help students develop strong research and conceptual skills and competence to design, execute and conduct productive research in Management and Business Administration. Some topics researched by PhD scholars include corporate entrepreneurship, opportunity recognition, gamification, business model innovations, engagement at work, positive deviance, and the role of luck in strategy and entrepreneurship.

The PhD program in Business Administration at Mahindra University requires full-time enrollment and imparts students with knowledge of the latest business methodologies. It is designed wholly to provide adequate knowledge and training to management scholars for successful academic careers. The university follows a student-centric and research-oriented approach and offers a well-designed course curriculum to help students develop specific skills and abilities.

Here are some reasons why pursuing a PhD program in Business Administration at Mahindra University is a boon for management aspirants:

• Mahindra University PhD programs prepare its aspirant to perform and bring out pedagogy research in different areas like entrepreneurship, organisational behaviour, business strategy, human resource management, etc.
• PhD Management scholars get a chance to work closely with highly-qualified faculty members.
• Students are trained well to emerge as tenure-track position faculty members to teach at the top and leading universities across the country and overseas;
• The University has a huge and well-equipped research centre on campus to foster research-based learning;
• Students at Mahindra University get a chance to publish their research work in top peer-reviewed Academic Journals.

For more information about the PhD program in Management offered by Mahindra University, please visit the official course page: https://www.mahindrauniversity.edu.in/phd-management.

Published On: October 14, 2022
The training and placement cell is fundamental for any student getting into a college. This department is essential as it brings the students high–quality placements and lots of opportunities. Start-ups and companies want to hire students nowadays who think out of the box, are spontaneous and have unconventional ways of thinking. The placement cell makes them industry-ready, making every student’s dreams of getting placed at reputed firms come true.

Keeping the dreams and aspirations of students in mind, training primarily undergraduate students is important so that they are industry-ready. Due to high competition in the present times, training students has become a tough and crucial mission.

Also, when it comes to career choices, students, especially Indian parents, prefer Medicine, law, Engineering, Coding and Management. But options have expanded over the years. Placement cell is required as research shows unemployment at a high. It is mainly through placement cells of colleges and universities that the gap between vacancy and manpower can be filled. Mahindra University in Hyderabad has an excellent placement cell offering varied opportunities to its students that realizes the importance of proper training for its students and even conducts mock interviews.

Benefits of Placement cells

Exposure for Students: The placement cell provides excellent exposure and training, as students are taught briefly about the curriculum and usually given practical training in their subjects at the university’s placement cell. The students are also given training by the cell to face the real world and the jobs they require through internships.

Development of their Skillsets: The program helps students nurture skills related to their specific domain or curriculum. Students take part in various summer programs, internships and skill training programs provided by the placement cell to gain industry exposure.

Instills Confidence in the Students: Confidence is the most crucial factor while giving an interview. Mock interviews and review of errors by the placement community help in the betterment of interviews by students. The training increases the confidence and boosts the morale of the students, which further helps them to perform better.

Aptitude Building: Aptitude tests are conducted by so many organizations as part of the interview process. Aptitude tests target the brain’s logical and creative parts and are also one of the main sectors where students lose out on interviews. Therefore, the placement cell works with students to improve their logical, analytical and verbal skills, and this further provides them with an upper hand when sitting for interviews.

Communication Skills: A student needs to have excellent communication skills to crack interviews. Good communication skills lead to better answers and clarity during interviews. The employer decides on the candidate based on clarity of speech. So the placement cell helps the students with proper diction and clarity so that the interviewer can be impressed and there can be clear interaction and confidently interact with all.

The Placement cell plays a vital role in moulding the students’ personalities and instilling a sense of confidence in them to perform their best. Mahindra University has an inspiring placement cell that tries its best to instil aspirations and development of skills in the students so they can get into their dream job.

Published On: October 13, 2022
The Indian constitution is the supreme law of the land. It contains the fundamental rights, duties and directive principles. The constituent assembly headed by Dr B.R Amedkar had drafted it in 1947.

What are Fundamental rights?

The constitution of India enshrines the rights of citizens. They include the right to freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and the right to equality before the law. Citizens are also entitled to freedom from discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth and freedom of movement and residence within the territory of India. Other important rights include the right to education, the right to work, and the right to social security. The country’s constitution mentions certain rights and duties to be followed by all citizens. The fundamental rights were mentioned in the constitution from the start, but the fundamental duties were included only in 1976. It came into being on Jan 26th 1950.

Fundamental rights are rights guaranteed by the constitution to its citizens. They are written down in part iii, Articles 12 to 35 of the constitution and are enforceable by law.

The eight fundamental rights are:

• Right to Equality
• Right to Freedom
• Right against Exploitation
• Right to Freedom of Religion
• Right to Life
• Cultural and Education Rights
• Right to Constitutional Remedies
• Right to Privacy

What are Fundamental Duties?

Fundamental Duties are moral obligations which every citizen is expected to value and follow towards the country. These duties are educational and expect the citizens to behave in an honourable way and maintain the nation’s integrity. Article 51A, Part IVA of the Indian Constitution contain fundamental duties, which were added by the 42nd and 86th amendment acts on Swaran Singh Committee’s recommendation. The citizens must follow it to protect the country’s sovereignty, unity and integrity.

Citizen’s Fundamental rights are the basic rights that every citizen is entitled to, while Fundamental duties are the responsibilities that every citizen is expected to uphold.

The 11 Fundamental Duties are as follows:

1. To abide by the constitution and respect the Indian flag and the National Anthem.
2. To follow the ideas that inspired the freedom struggle.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and serve the nation when called upon.
5. To promote harmony and brotherhood among the people of India; to renounce derogatory practices that demean women.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment and have compassion for living creatures.
8. To develop scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of inquiry.
9. To protect public property.
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activities.
11. To provide educational opportunities to children between 6-14 years of age and the duty of parents to ensure the same.

Differences between Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties

• Fundamental Rights are contained in Part 3 of the Constitution. And articles 12-35 of the Constitution of India regulate them.
• Fundamental Duties are written in Article 51-A in Part IV A of the Constitution.
• Fundamental Rights are a concept borrowed from The United States of America’s Constitution.
• Fundamental Duties are a concept borrowed from The Soviet Union.
• Fundamental Rights are termed as the human rights to be made available to every citizen of the country. These are given irrespective of race, place of birth, religion, caste, creed, or gender.
• Fundamental Duties are the allegiance of the citizens to be served as duties by the citizens.
• Fundamental Rights are an essential part of the constitution; hence they cannot be removed.
• Fundamental Duties can be removed.
• Fundamental rights can be put on hold during a national emergency, but the rights guaranteed under Articles 20 and 21 cannot be put on hold due to any circumstances.
• There is no need for suspension of Fundamental duties during an emergency
• Fundamental Rights are enforceable through courts
• Fundamental Duties are not required by law.
• Some Fundamental Rights are provided only to the Citizens of the country, while some are available to non-citizens also.
• Fundamental Duties are available only to the citizens of the country. Therefore, they are not binding on Foreigners.
• Fundamental rights are pertinent to both individuals and the state.
• Obligations of Fundamental Duties are expected less towards an individual and a whole towards a nation or society.
• The Fundamental Rights are not absolute
• Fundamental Duties are absolute.

The above is the definition and differences between rights and duties.

Published On: October 12, 2022
Sleep deprivation means getting an inadequate amount of sleep. Did you know any average adult requires seven to nine hours of sleep?

There are at times when you wake up from sleep and find yourself quite tired and worn out. Many of us have the aftereffects of sleep deprivation. It makes people think about probable solutions for this.

Some people are proud that they hustle and cannot get adequate sleep. But this can be detrimental to their health. Lack of sleep has side effects, primarily affecting your health and the brain’s cognitive function. It may cause a person to be unable to reason and behave differently than usual as it influences daily performance and the ability to think clearly.

What is Sleep Deprivation?

Sleep deprivation is when one does not get enough sleep. An average person must sleep for 7 to 8 hours a day. It is not a disorder but might be a symptom which may lead the path to other underlying health issues. This can be due to stress caused by family, friends or work.

There is two main types acute and chronic sleep deprivation

Under Acute sleep deprivation, sleep is interrupted for a short period, leading to poor sleep. Example while staying awake all, watching your favourite shows or studying hard the night before for your exam.

Chronic deprivation is when a person does not get proper sleep for weeks, months or even years.

Symptoms of Sleep Deprivation

Even if you generally sleep well, the sleepless night can be nearly impossible to bypass.

Symptoms of sleep deprivation include:

• Irritation
• Tiredness
• Memory condition
• Depression/feeling extremely low
• Difficulty in concentration
• Dearth of motivation
• Judgment issues

Effects of Sleep Deprivation

Poor Memory: Sleep deprivation leads to a lack of memory retention, as studies have shown sleep strengthens our memories. During sleep, the brain reinforces certain neural connections and combines the lessons learned daily. It also removes the unnecessary memories not required. So not getting proper sleep will make your brain fail to do its function and distort recent events. As a result, the long-term memories will be distorted and unclear during your sleep-deprived time. This is why our grandparents, who did not have the distraction of phones, laptops or work from home, have sharp memories while we struggle to recall what our parents told us just a few hours ago.

Decreased Cognition Power: The feeling when you are unable to comprehend or work on your tasks despite having a night’s rest? Not receiving good quality of sleep results in sleep deprivation that affects daily cognitive skills. The ability to process our thoughts and experiences through our senses is known as cognition. As it is required to learn and grow, a lack of understanding is worrisome among college students and makes learning lessons quite challenging. In addition, sleep-deprived adults may find tasks such as driving and crucial decision-making challenging.

Mental Health Issues: Mental Health issues rise after a series of nights of inadequate sleep. Sleep deprivation and depression come in together. Under depression, you either get less or a lot of sleep. The study finds that those who sleep for less than 6 hours or more than 8 hours are more likely to get depression than those who come in between the time hours.

Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: It is said that one of the long-term effects on the brain due to sleep deprivation is Alzheimer’s. It has been found that when you sleep, the toxins in your brain are cleared up faster than when awake. This means that the brain removes the waste material responsible for Alzheimer’s (B- amyloid protein) and sends it to the cerebrospinal fluid while asleep. Thus, increasing the chances of the disease if you do not sleep well.

These effects show us the importance and necessity of sleep in our lives. We all need good sleep to function better and perform our duties responsibly.

Published On: October 11, 2022
Self-love is necessary as it will grant you happiness and confidence in yourself. We look for love from the outside and seek validation, as that is how we have known love throughout childhood. But the time has come to change it, as no amount of external validation will suffice if you don’t love and are not content with yourself. In all honesty, true love can come only from within. Safety will always be an issue if you don’t have confidence in your talents.

By working on ourselves, we can limit our overthinking thoughts and live a life that truly makes us happy. Practising self–love would allow you to be not harsh on yourself and become a better human being.

Ways to practice Self–Love?

Enforce the Fact that You Don’t Have To Be Perfect: In today’s world of cutthroat competition, almost everyone aspires to be perfect or nearly perfect. But there is no requirement to be perfect. The idea of perfection is untrue, and whatever you see on social media is false as it typically hides the backstory and only shows the positives. Nobody is flawless, and being yourself is generally the best way to face the problems arising from daily life.

Live for the Moment: Thinking about the past or the future will waste your present time. Instead, realize how precious the present is and how fortunate you are to live in it with whatever you have.

Love Yourself Before Loving Others: It is always important to be kind and love yourself before loving others. You cannot provide love to others if you don’t have love within. It drains you of energy as you start providing care to someone else if you don’t take care of yourself. But on the other hand, you will be brimming with the energy to love someone if you love yourself, as you will radiate positive energy. So stop seeking love outside of you and love yourself first. The more you love yourself better it is, and the happier you become and cherish yourself.

Have a Gratitude Journal: Gratitude is one of the key reasons to feel happy. So write down every day in a journal things that you are grateful for and that genuinely make you happy. Comfortability makes us ungrateful and not value the things we should acknowledge. Gratitude can make us feel glad and pump positive endorphins or feel-good hormones into our system.

Understand That Not Everything is in Your Hands: The only thing you can control is your reactions to situations around you. So stop being harsh on yourself, and don’t overthink too much. Realize that what others think or their actions or decisions are not based on you. Focus on your reactions to situations rather than your control over the situation. Do the best you can and let it work the best it can, rather than trying to control everything and everyone.

Eat Healthier: Both your mental and physical are impacted by what you eat. So regulate and eat your food. Try not to be too harsh on yourself and on whatever you put into your body. Otherwise, you will be sitting worrying every time. Be on a healthy natural diet and practice self-love. Your body also will be glad.

Published On: October 10, 2022
Marketing is the process of identifying the essential needs of the target audience and communicating and developing an offering to meet the audience’s expectations at a profit.

Dr. Philip Kotler defines marketing as “The science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit.”

Importance of Marketing

Marketing is crucial as it helps businesses to keep the customer in the centre and create companies that provide some value to the society. It further makes its way through all departments of businesses, including product development, distribution, sales, and advertising, making the enterprises follow a comprehensive approach.

• Market research help business understand the wants and needs of their customers.
• The market’s needs are taken care of through marketing, as it helps business produce what is needed.
• Marketing informs about the brand and what it has to offer.
• Marketing is important because it helps the company attract customers and convince them to buy the products, thus reaching an end goal.
• Marketing ensures company sustainability by adapting to the required changes and building identity.
• Marketing is essential to build a smooth brand. It helps businesses to increase sales and increase customers

Scope of Marketing:

Products and Services: Services and products are the basic elements of marketing. It is regarding the kind of products, quality, design, planning and development concerned with branding, packaging, labelling and trademarks.

Marketing Research: Products and services come under traditional marketing, while modern marketing starts with analyzing the various aspects of the market and its related areas. It includes an analysis of several facets of the market and related areas, including an in-depth analysis of customer markets.

Distribution Channel: The passage through which goods move from the producer to the consumer is known as the channel of distribution. Several middle channels, like the wholesaler, retailer etc., are involved.

Physical Distribution of Goods: The movement of merchandise from producer to consumer is known as the physical distribution of goods.

Promotional Decisions: If a product is not adequately promoted, it has no value in the eyes of the consumer. Promotion is informing the market about the availability of a product and creating a demand for it. Various promotional tools exist, such as publicity, public relations, and sales promotion.

Pricing Point: This is the only marketing element that generates monetary gains for the firm. Pricing is related to strategies, discounts, commissions

Analysis of the Conditions Around: Analyzing the environmental conditions is the first step in any organization. The various micro and macro factors should be studied in detail to have a better understanding of the company. This will help formulate not only the corporate strategy but also the marketing strategy.

Customer’s Feedback: For successful marketing of merchandise, proper feedback requirements from customers are needed so that reasons for loss or substandard quality can be identified and necessary alterations can be made

Responsibility Towards Society: Business and society co-exist together. It gets its input from society and therefore owes its responsibility. For example, a marketer owes his responsibility to his shareholders, consumer and employees.

Published On: August 22, 2022
In today’s era, child labour is still a huge problem. However, few issues attract as much attention as child labour in developing countries such as India.

The International Labor Organization (ILO) defines child labour as “work that deprives children of their childhood, potential and dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and/or interferes with their schooling by depriving them of the opportunity to attend school; obliging them to leave school prematurely, or requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work.”

Whether a work can be called child labour depends on the child’s age, type of work hours performed and conditions under which it was completed and also objectives of other nations.

The severe form of exploitation started during the Industrial revolution when machinery took over many tasks, and many of these tasks did not need adult strength. The managers of these industries used to lure children for cheap labour, and the rent for children would be much lesser than an adult’s.

Child labour has always existed in the agriculture sector, with the entire family working on the farms. Taking the livestock out for a graze was always given to the children. Though the job is challenging, the lack of schools and its non – availability in most villages are the factors. Therefore the work serves as a training purpose for most children.

With the incoming of the British, child labour increased in India. Laws against child labour were passed under the Employment of Children Act 1938, but the laws failed to address the root cause of child exploitation. It was believed that without the public being driven out of poverty, it is impossible to withdraw children from labour.

The worst forms of child labour are circumstances where children work more than eight hours per day and earn less than a minimum wage or, in most cases, no wages at all, work in hazardous conditions with no security of health and safety, and have no access to education and, work outside of their family’s home.

India has discouraged child labour and has banned through the Constitution that protects children’s rights by making primary education a fundamental right and asking the states to protect it under the Directive Principles of State Policy. It is aimed at protecting childhood and the rights of children.

Legal recognition of rights of Children

The pertinent articles are laid down in the following:

Art. 21(a) Right to Education – The State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such manner as the State may, by law, determine.

Art 24: Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.- No child below the age of fourteen years shall be employed to work in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment.

The State, under Article 45 of the Directive Principles of State Policy, also must provide free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years